APPENDIX E
ing to AHRAE Standard 62 [1999], indoor air quality is defined as "air in
APPENDIX E
which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations as deter-
mined by cognizant authorities and with which a substantial majority (80
percent or more) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction."
Sustainable Design - Terms and Good Practices
(Source: Sustainable Building Technical Manual)
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - An environmentally sound system of
Terms:
controlling landscape pests, which includes well-times nontoxic treatments
and understanding of the pests' life cycle. (Source: Sustainable Building
Daylight Factor (DF) - The ratio of daylight illumination at a given point on a
Technical Manual)
given plane, from an unobstructed sky of assumed or known illuminance
Light Pollution - Waste light from building sites that produces glare, com-
distribution, to the light received on a horizontal plane from an unobstructed
promises astronomical research, and adversely affects the environment.
hemisphere in the sky, expressed as a percentage. Direct sunlight is ex-
Waste light does not increase night time safety, utility, or security and need-
cluded for both values of illumination. The daylight factor is the sum of the
lessly consumes energy and natural resources. (Source: LEED Reference
sky component, the external reflected component, and the internal reflected
Guide)
component. The interior plane is usually a horizontal workplane. (Source:
Sustainable Building Technical Manual)
Renewable - A renewable product can be grown or naturally replenished at a
rate that exceeds human depletion of the resource. (Source: Sustainable
Ecosystem - A basic unit of nature that includes a community or organisms
Building Technical Manual)
and their nonliving environment linked by biological, chemical, and physical
process. (Source: LEED Reference Guide)
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) - Chemical compounds based on carbon
and hydrogen structures that are vaporized at room temperatures. VOCs
Embodied Energy - The total energy that a product may be said to "contain,"
are one type of indoor air contaminant. Although thousands have been
including all energy used in growing, extracting, and manufacturing it and
identified in indoor air, only a few are well understood and regulated. (Source:
the energy used to transport it to the point of use. The embodied energy of
Sustainable Building Technical Manual)
a structure or system includes the embodied energy of its components plus
the energy used in construction. (Source: Sustainable Building Technical
Sustainable Processes and Practices to be incorporated into the design of
Manual)
Child Care Centers:
Emissivity - By Kirchoff's Law, for a given wavelength of the electromagnetic
The current draft version of the LEED Commercial Interior standard includes
spectrum, emissivity of a surface equals its absorptivity and is the recipro-
an entire section devoted to the pre-design sustainable/ high-performance
cal of its reflectivity. (Source: Sustainable Building Technical Manual)
aspects that precede the design of a commercial interior. These aspects
are summarized below:
Heat Island Effect - Thermal gradient differences between developed and
undeveloped areas. The use of dark, non-reflective surfaces for parking,
Pre-Design Goal Setting: Set goals for environmental performance prior
roofs, walkways, and other surfaces contribute to heat islands from which
to the outset of design with key team members ensuring that:
the heat of the sun is absorbed and radiated back to surrounding areas.
1. Design team is in place prior to the tenant's location decision.
(Source: LEED Reference Guide)
2. Project programming documents address the interrelationships
between the functional, financial, aesthetic, environmental
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) - According to the Environmental Protection Agency
goals of the project
[EPA] and National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health [NIOSH],
the definition of good indoor air quality includes: (1) introduction and distri-
bution of adequate ventilation air; (2) control of airborne contaminants; and
(3) maintenance of acceptable temperature and relative humidity. Accord-
PBS-140 - July 2003
E-1
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