front areas of the courtroom. When specifying lighting controls, focus should be on system
integration between ballasts, controllers, and any central energy management systems that
may be planned for the whole building. It is advisable to verify that the software protocols
communicate reliably between the different components, especially if different
manufacturers are being used. The lighting specifier should have extensive experience with
the use of control systems and should have high confidence in their recommended solution.
3.4 Credentials, Certifications, Experience Review
The GSA Design Excellence program requires an LC certification (an LC indicates Lighting
Certified through the National Council for Certifying the Lighting Professions), which should
indeed be required and is useful as a minimum credential. The IALD (International Association
of Lighting Designers) appellation should also be considered, along with a portfolio of successful
lighting design applicable to courtrooms when choosing the design team. Look for extensive and
proven experience with respect to daylighting and advanced lighting control systems.
3.5 Design Process and Implementation Practices
The design process is an integral element of a successful project, and even more so in sustainable
design. A few suggestions will ratchet up the chance of success on a courthouse project.
Engage lighting design services early, and have them involved as a primary team contributor
to the integrated design process.
Lighting calculations should be required, for both horizontal and vertical illuminance and the
luminances of all surfaces. Calculations should be performed with the different layers of the
lighting system "turned off" so that it is clear exactly how much each layer is contributing to
the overall design.
Serious consideration should be given to a virtual mock-up of the courtroom to evaluate
lighting design. With the software and virtual rendering tools that are now available, it is
possible to cost effectively preview the visual experience of the courtroom from all visual
Carefully consider any adjustments to courtroom lighting that are considered during value
engineering or from contractor requests for substitutions. Substitutions to the original
lighting design are risky and are not advised unless thoroughly reviewed and approved by the
lighting designer. To avoid diminishing the effectiveness of the lighting design during the
construction phase, proposed substitutions should be accompanied by lighting calculations
that meet the original design intent.
Commissioning services to assure compliance with the design intent should be required in the
contract documents. Operations and maintenance manuals to train and educate the staff are
recommended and are essential for the ongoing success of the lighting design. Where
possible, try to keep lamp types to a minimum, and keep the location of the luminaires
accessible for servicing by the maintenance staff. Remember that the post-installation phase
is also a mission-critical part of the success of the project.
March 2006
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